Bus and types of buses in computer architecture

 Buses in computer architecture are communication pathways that transfer data and instructions between the CPU, memory, and other devices. There are several types of buses, including the data bus, address bus, control bus, system bus, and input/output bus. 

Types of buses
  • Data bus: Carries data between the CPU and other components like RAM and I/O devices. It's bidirectional, meaning it can carry data in both directions. 
  • Address bus: Carries information about the device that the CPU is communicating with. 
  • Control bus: Carries control signals from the CPU to other components and returns status signals from the devices. 
  • System bus: An internal transportation system for the computer that carries address, data, and control information. 
  • Input/output (I/O) bus: Connects the CPU, memory, and peripheral devices. 
How buses work
Buses allow data to be sent to or from specific memory locations. They also supply power to various peripherals that are connected to them. 
Examples of buses
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) is a local computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer. 

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